Language: Pukapuka
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 28 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed from "luangaulu" (Word 207) - Simon Greenhill (2009-08-19 06:07:44)
- Changed from "kokoi " (Word 81) - Simon Greenhill (2009-08-19 06:06:49)
- Changed from "vao " (Word 127) - Simon Greenhill (2009-08-11 03:47:03)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
1 |
hand |
lima |
|
1 |
|
2 |
left |
māyui |
y = ð |
1, 59, 74 |
|
3 |
right |
mātau |
|
5, 13 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
vae |
|
1, 100 |
|
5 |
to walk |
yaele |
sg. |
6 |
|
5 |
to walk |
yāeleele |
pl. - because there is a reduplication, macrons don't span morpheme boundaries |
6 |
|
6 |
road/path |
ala |
|
1 |
|
6 |
road/path |
ngutuala |
|
1 |
|
7 |
to come |
yau |
(sg) |
44 |
|
7 |
to come |
lōmamai |
(pl) |
1 |
|
7 |
to come |
ōmamai |
(pl) |
1 |
|
7 |
to come |
wōmamai |
(pl) |
1 |
|
7 |
to come |
lolo mai |
|
1 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
wuli |
|
15 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
paniwi |
|
26 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
niniwi |
|
26 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
tipa |
|
11? |
|
8 |
to turn
|
pale |
|
11 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
uwe |
|
27 |
|
9 |
to swim |
kakau |
|
5 |
|
9 |
to swim |
tākele |
|
5 |
|
10 |
dirty |
lepo |
|
9 |
|
10 |
dirty |
pakuongea |
|
37 |
|
10 |
dirty |
palanui |
|
7 |
|
11 |
dust |
lewu |
|
1, 68 |
|
12 |
skin |
pākili |
|
1, 11 |
|
12 |
skin |
kili |
|
1 |
|
13 |
back
|
tua |
|
11 |
|
13 |
back
|
muli |
back, rear [not certain this is 'back' as in the body part-MW] |
3 |
|
14 |
belly |
manava |
|
9 |
|
15 |
bone |
ivi |
|
52, 5 |
|
16 |
intestines |
ngākau |
|
12 |
|
16 |
intestines |
taepili |
|
|
|
17 |
liver |
ate |
|
1 |
|
18 |
breast |
uma |
|
7 |
|
18 |
breast |
wū |
|
1 |
|
18 |
breast |
aloalo |
|
43 |
|
19 |
shoulder |
pokoivi |
|
8 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
iloa |
sg |
13 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
īloloa |
pl |
13 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
mau |
|
122 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
māwutu |
|
122 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
wanewane |
|
|
|
21 |
to think |
manatu |
|
9 |
|
21 |
to think |
mayala |
|
8 |
|
21 |
to think |
manako |
|
7 |
|
22 |
to fear |
mataku |
sg. |
1 |
|
22 |
to fear |
mātataku |
pl. |
1 |
|
23 |
blood |
toto |
|
4 |
|
24 |
head |
ulu |
|
1 |
|
25 |
neck |
u(w)a |
|
18 |
|
25 |
neck |
kakī |
|
20 |
|
26 |
hair
|
lauulu |
|
40 |
|
26 |
hair
|
wuluwulu |
body hair, feather |
31 |
|
27 |
nose |
iyu |
|
1 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
akaea |
|
80 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
yongi |
|
9 |
|
30 |
mouth |
ngutu |
|
2 |
|
31 |
tooth |
nio |
|
1 |
|
32 |
tongue |
alelo |
|
15 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
kata |
k?kata = (pl) |
7 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
kākata |
k?kata = (pl) |
7 |
|
34 |
to cry |
tangi |
sound, cry (sg) |
1 |
|
34 |
to cry |
wetangi |
cry (pl) |
1 |
|
34 |
to cry |
tatangi |
sound (pl) |
1 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
lua |
|
8 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
luaki |
|
8, 31 |
|
36 |
to spit |
puaki |
|
16 |
|
36 |
to spit |
yuuvale |
to spit/spittle |
18? |
|
37 |
to eat |
kai |
|
1, 44 |
|
37 |
to eat |
kaikai |
|
1, 44 |
|
37 |
to eat |
lamulamu |
|
|
|
37 |
to eat |
taumamaya |
|
|
|
37 |
to eat |
tamitami |
|
|
|
38 |
to chew
|
ngaungau |
|
8 |
|
39 |
to cook
|
tunu |
|
9 |
|
39 |
to cook
|
tunu pāni |
|
9 |
|
39 |
to cook
|
tao |
'cook in oven' |
10 |
|
40 |
to drink |
inu |
|
1 |
|
41 |
to bite |
kati |
|
1, 55 |
|
42 |
to suck |
miti |
|
8 |
|
42 |
to suck |
ngote |
|
9 |
|
43 |
ear |
talinga |
|
1 |
|
44 |
to hear |
longo |
|
1 |
|
44 |
to hear |
langona |
|
1 |
|
45 |
eye |
mata |
|
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
kite |
|
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
kitea |
|
1 |
|
47 |
to yawn |
waka/manga |
Pollex 06: Waka/manga. :Yawn (Sby). |
19, 28 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
moe |
|
10 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
momoe |
pl |
10 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
lowi |
|
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
takoto |
|
7 |
|
49 |
to lie down
|
moe ki lalo |
|
6 |
|
50 |
to dream |
miti |
|
36 |
|
50 |
to dream |
moemiti |
moemiti = (rar) |
7, 36 |
|
51 |
to sit |
nō |
(sg) |
16 |
|
51 |
to sit |
nōnō |
(pl) |
16 |
|
52 |
to stand |
tū |
(sg) |
2 |
|
52 |
to stand |
wetū |
(pl) |
2 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
tangata |
|
1, 66, 97 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
tama |
|
1 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
kovi |
|
|
|
54 |
man/male |
tāne |
|
1, 11 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
wawine |
(sg) (likely EPn loan-MW) |
1, 106 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
wāwine |
(pl) (likely EPn loan-MW) |
1, 106 |
|
56 |
child |
tamaiti |
(sg) |
6, 64 |
|
56 |
child |
tamaliki |
(pl) |
6, 63 |
|
57 |
husband |
tāne |
|
14 |
|
58 |
wife |
wawine |
|
5, 68 |
|
59 |
mother |
matua wawine |
|
4 |
|
60 |
father |
matua tāne |
|
1, 9 |
|
61 |
house |
wale |
|
14 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
ato |
|
1 |
|
63 |
name |
ingoa |
|
6 |
|
64 |
to say |
mea |
|
88 |
|
65 |
rope |
taula |
|
9 |
|
65 |
rope |
kawa |
|
74 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
yele |
|
16, 14 |
|
67 |
to sew
|
tui |
|
13 |
|
68 |
needle |
nila |
Eng. |
|
L |
69 |
to hunt
|
yākili |
wuli (of crabs) |
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
ulu |
wuli (of crabs) |
8 |
|
69 |
to hunt
|
wuli |
wuli (of crabs) |
8 |
|
70 |
to shoot
|
wena |
|
1? |
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
yuki |
|
11 |
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
kō |
Pukapuka agreement tempting but probably not cognate |
100 |
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
yoka |
to stab, pierce, husk coconuts |
11 |
|
72 |
to hit
|
patu |
|
7 |
|
72 |
to hit
|
vayi |
|
10 |
|
73 |
to steal |
kaiā |
|
7 |
|
74 |
to kill |
patu |
|
9 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
mate |
|
1 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
payako |
|
|
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
palewe |
|
41 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
palewa |
|
41 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
pānakia |
|
|
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
ola |
(sg) |
6 |
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
ōla |
(pl) |
6 |
|
77 |
to scratch
|
laku |
|
9 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
koti |
|
9 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
yemu |
|
|
|
79 |
stick/wood |
lākau |
|
1 |
|
80 |
to split
|
vayi |
|
4 |
|
80 |
to split
|
vavayi |
|
4 |
|
81 |
sharp |
kokoi |
EP loan - JCM |
14, 66 |
L |
81 |
sharp |
niniva |
|
|
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
tuma |
|
10 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
penu |
|
12 |
|
83 |
to work
|
angānga |
|
10 |
|
83 |
to work
|
yanga |
|
10 |
|
84 |
to plant |
toki |
|
4, 5 |
|
84 |
to plant |
tanu |
|
2 |
|
84 |
to plant |
poki |
|
4, 5? |
|
85 |
to choose |
wili |
|
1 |
|
85 |
to choose |
kimi |
|
|
|
86 |
to grow
|
tupu |
|
1 |
|
87 |
to swell
|
pupute |
|
30 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
kume |
|
14 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
kuku |
|
14 |
|
89 |
to hold
|
liko |
|
|
|
89 |
to hold
|
tango |
|
14 |
|
90 |
to dig |
keli |
|
1 |
|
90 |
to dig |
tolo |
|
1 |
|
91 |
to buy |
oko |
|
7 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
wuke |
|
1 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
wuwuke |
|
1 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
yuke |
|
1 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
yuyuke |
|
1 |
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
patupatu |
|
|
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
tukituki |
|
2 |
|
94 |
to throw
|
tili |
|
9 |
|
94 |
to throw
|
kamo |
|
|
|
94 |
to throw
|
newu |
|
|
|
94 |
to throw
|
uti |
|
|
|
95 |
to fall
|
makulu |
|
11 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
yinga |
to fall over (sg.) |
44 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
pangulu |
|
59 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
tō |
|
14 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
yīyinga |
to fall over (pl.) |
44 |
|
96 |
dog |
kulī |
|
7 |
|
96 |
dog |
puakaoa |
|
|
|
97 |
bird |
manu |
|
1 |
|
98 |
egg |
wua |
|
5 |
|
98 |
egg |
wuamoa |
|
5 |
|
99 |
feather |
wulu |
|
1 |
|
100 |
wing |
kapakapa |
|
1, 39 |
|
100 |
wing |
pakayau |
|
1, 59 |
|
101 |
to fly |
pepeke |
pepeke |
|
|
101 |
to fly |
welele |
welele (pl) |
11 |
|
101 |
to fly |
lele |
lele (sg) |
11 |
|
102 |
rat |
kiole |
|
12 |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
kiko |
|
10 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
matū |
|
75 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
ngako |
|
14 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
tutuyi |
|
|
|
104 |
fat/grease |
tōngāua |
fat on abdominal wall |
|
|
105 |
tail |
yiku |
|
13 |
|
106 |
snake |
ōvī |
(rar < gk) loan -JCM |
77 |
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
veli |
|
|
|
108 |
louse
|
wutu |
'louse' |
1 |
|
108 |
louse
|
lia |
'nit'� |
1 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
namu |
|
1 |
|
110 |
spider |
mangamanga |
|
58 |
|
111 |
fish |
ika |
|
1 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
papala |
|
13 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
eku |
|
86 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
vī |
|
85 |
|
113 |
branch
|
lā |
|
1 |
|
114 |
leaf |
lau |
|
1 |
|
115 |
root |
aka |
|
2 |
|
116 |
flower |
tiale |
|
7 |
|
116 |
flower |
pua |
|
1 |
|
117 |
fruit |
wua |
|
1 |
|
118 |
grass |
vayavaya |
|
|
|
119 |
earth/soil |
kelekele |
'earth' |
10 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
palapala |
'mud' |
32 |
|
120 |
stone |
watu |
|
1 |
|
121 |
sand |
kelekele |
one (rar) |
30, 74 |
|
121 |
sand |
tini |
one (rar) |
|
|
121 |
sand |
one |
one (rar) |
1 |
|
122 |
water
|
yua |
|
2 |
|
123 |
to flow |
yeke |
|
36 |
|
124 |
sea |
tai |
|
1 |
|
124 |
sea |
moana |
|
10 |
|
125 |
salt |
miti |
|
7 |
|
126 |
lake |
loto |
|
6 |
|
127 |
woods/forest |
vao |
|
14 |
|
128 |
sky |
langi |
|
1 |
|
129 |
moon |
maina |
|
37, 5 |
|
130 |
star |
mata |
wet? (pl) |
18 |
|
130 |
star |
wetū |
wet? (pl) |
1 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
kāpuao |
|
12, 67 |
|
132 |
fog |
|
|
|
|
133 |
rain |
u(w)a |
|
1 |
|
134 |
thunder |
watitili |
|
14 |
|
135 |
lightning |
uwila |
|
2 |
|
136 |
wind |
matangi |
|
1, 66 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
āngi |
|
8 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
puyi |
|
6 |
|
138 |
warm
|
māyana |
|
1, 72 |
|
138 |
warm
|
vela |
|
8 |
|
139 |
cold
|
makalili |
anu (rar) |
1, 52 |
|
139 |
cold
|
anu |
|
8 |
|
139 |
cold
|
ano |
|
8 |
|
140 |
dry
|
pakapaka |
make dry |
12 |
|
140 |
dry
|
wakapakapaka |
make dry |
12 |
|
140 |
dry
|
omoi |
wipe dry |
92? |
|
141 |
wet |
yuyū |
|
11 |
|
142 |
heavy |
taenawa |
|
|
|
142 |
heavy |
taewana |
|
|
|
143 |
fire |
awi |
|
1 |
|
144 |
to burn
|
tutu |
|
6 |
|
145 |
smoke
|
au |
|
2 |
|
146 |
ash |
lewulewu |
|
67 |
|
146 |
ash |
malamala |
|
|
|
147 |
black |
uyi |
|
7 |
|
147 |
black |
uli |
|
7 |
|
148 |
white |
kena |
|
10 |
|
148 |
white |
mumuka |
|
|
|
149 |
red |
kula |
|
13 |
|
149 |
red |
melo |
|
1, 16 |
|
150 |
yellow |
yengayenga |
|
10? |
|
151 |
green |
yengayenga |
'yellowy green' |
|
|
151 |
green |
uyingele |
'dark green' |
|
|
152 |
small |
lewu |
lewu (sg) |
|
|
152 |
small |
liliki |
liliki (pl) |
66 |
|
153 |
big |
wolo |
'big, many' |
|
|
153 |
big |
wowolo |
'big, many' |
|
|
153 |
big |
tongi |
'big in size' |
|
|
154 |
short
|
poto |
all in height and length |
9 |
|
154 |
short
|
pūnekeneke |
all in height and length |
8? |
|
154 |
short
|
pūpoto |
all in height and length |
9 |
|
155 |
long
|
loa |
|
12 |
|
156 |
thin
|
lalawi |
|
5 |
|
156 |
thin
|
tutule |
thin (of people) |
|
|
157 |
thick
|
mātolu |
|
3 |
|
158 |
narrow |
kakō |
|
26? |
|
158 |
narrow |
koyīti |
|
|
|
158 |
narrow |
kauliliki |
|
84 |
|
159 |
wide |
lapalapa |
|
48 |
|
160 |
painful, sick |
tingā |
painful |
|
|
160 |
painful, sick |
maki |
sick |
1 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
mā |
|
1 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
akamā |
|
1 |
|
162 |
old
|
pōvī |
n. old person |
49? |
|
162 |
old
|
matua |
old, mature |
1 |
|
163 |
new |
wou |
|
1 |
|
164 |
good |
lelei |
|
17 |
|
164 |
good |
tauyala |
|
|
|
164 |
good |
kalule |
|
|
|
164 |
good |
leka |
|
14 |
|
165 |
bad, evil |
kino |
|
9 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
yako |
|
|
|
166 |
correct, true |
tika |
|
9 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
tano |
|
8 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
tautonu |
|
8 |
|
167 |
night |
pō |
|
1 |
|
168 |
day |
ayo |
'day' |
1, 54 |
|
168 |
day |
ao |
'daytime' |
1, 54 |
|
169 |
year |
matawiti |
|
7 |
|
169 |
year |
tākalonga |
|
|
|
170 |
when?
|
wea |
|
5 |
|
171 |
to hide
|
nanā |
|
17 |
|
172 |
to climb
|
kake |
|
32 |
|
172 |
to climb
|
wiwiti ki lunga |
|
6 |
|
173 |
at |
i |
|
1 |
|
174 |
in, inside |
loto |
|
5 |
|
175 |
above |
lunga |
|
9 |
|
176 |
below |
lalo |
|
8 |
|
177 |
this |
nei |
|
1 |
|
177 |
this |
tēnei |
|
7, 1 |
|
177 |
this |
ēnei |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
nā |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
lā |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
ia |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
tēnā |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
tēlā |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
te(e)ia |
|
1 |
|
179 |
near |
pili |
|
30 |
|
179 |
near |
vātata |
|
9 |
|
180 |
far |
mamao |
|
13 |
|
181 |
where?
|
i wea |
|
3, 35 |
|
182 |
I |
au |
|
1, 21 |
|
182 |
I |
ēku |
(agentive) |
x |
|
182 |
I |
aku |
(preverbal) |
x |
|
183 |
thou |
koe |
koe |
1 |
|
183 |
thou |
au |
au (preverbal) |
|
|
183 |
thou |
-ou |
-ou after ko |
|
|
184 |
he/she |
iāna |
i?na |
1 |
|
184 |
he/she |
ēna |
?na |
1 |
|
184 |
he/she |
ana |
ana (preverbal) |
1 |
|
184 |
he/she |
-ona |
-ona (after ko) |
5 |
|
185 |
we
|
tāua |
|
1, 29 |
|
185 |
we
|
tātou |
|
1, 39 |
|
185 |
we
|
māua |
|
2, 29 |
|
185 |
we
|
mātou |
|
2, 39 |
|
185 |
we
|
a māua |
|
2, 29 |
|
185 |
we
|
a tāua |
|
1, 29 |
|
186 |
you |
kōlua |
|
x |
|
186 |
you |
kōtou |
|
16 |
|
187 |
they |
lāua |
|
x |
|
187 |
they |
lātou |
|
1, 72 |
|
188 |
what?
|
wea |
|
1? |
|
189 |
who?
|
ai |
|
1 |
|
190 |
other |
toe |
'another' |
|
|
190 |
other |
kē |
'other, different' |
8? |
|
191 |
all |
wī |
|
|
|
191 |
all |
wui |
|
|
|
191 |
all |
tākatoa |
|
13 |
|
191 |
all |
katoa(toa) |
|
13 |
|
191 |
all |
pau |
|
59? |
|
192 |
and |
ma |
|
2 |
|
193 |
if |
pē |
if |
28 |
|
193 |
if |
mē |
if only |
5 |
|
193 |
if |
pī |
|
28 |
|
194 |
how?
|
pēwea |
|
11 |
|
195 |
no, not |
ē kole |
no |
11 |
|
195 |
no, not |
yē |
verbal neg |
13 |
|
195 |
no, not |
kiai |
neg past, nom neg |
10, 83 |
|
195 |
no, not |
kāe |
neg exist |
83 |
|
195 |
no, not |
kāyi |
neg exist |
83 |
|
195 |
no, not |
kāni |
neg exist |
|
|
195 |
no, not |
kākole |
neg exist |
11 |
|
196 |
to count |
kauwi |
|
8 |
|
196 |
to count |
wakalau |
|
8, 62 |
|
196 |
to count |
tatau |
(rar) |
8 |
L |
197 |
One
|
tayi |
|
41 |
|
198 |
Two
|
lua |
|
1 |
|
199 |
Three
|
tolu |
|
1 |
|
200 |
Four
|
wā |
|
1, 66 |
|
201 |
Five
|
lima |
|
1 |
|
202 |
Six
|
ono |
Six (Bge).(Source: Pollex) |
1 |
|
203 |
Seven
|
witu |
Seven (Bge).(Source: Pollex) |
1 |
|
204 |
Eight
|
valu |
|
3 |
|
205 |
Nine
|
iva |
Nine (Bge).(Source: Pollex) |
5, 66 |
|
206 |
Ten
|
laungaulu |
|
5 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
tinolua |
20 people |
3 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
luangaulu |
(Rarotongan) |
3, 6 |
L |
207 |
Twenty
|
laulua |
traditional Puk. |
5 |
|
208 |
Fifty
|
limangaulu |
(Raro.) |
1 |
L |
208 |
Fifty
|
laulima |
traditional |
13 |
|
208 |
Fifty
|
tinolima |
50 people |
|
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
lau |
|
2 |
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
ānele |
(Eng) |
11 |
L |
209 |
One Hundred
|
tino-we-lau |
100 people |
2 |
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
mano |
Thousand (Bge).(Source: Pollex) |
2 |
|